The club was founded in 1899, as a reaction against British hegemony in Argentine football. During the amateur era of football, Argentino played regularly in the First Division. The squad managed two 3rd place finishes in the league championships of 1908 and 1913.
Their last ever season in the Primera came in 1939, and it was a record breaking one. Argentino finished the season bottom of the table with a record of:
This set the record for the lowest amount of points ever accumulated in the Primera. The club then spent the next 43 years changing between the 2nd and 3rd divisions. In 2005/2006 Argentino was relegated to the 5th division (Primera D Metropolitana for the first time in its history.