Conflicts in the Horn of Africa

Colonial conflicts

• First Italo-Ethiopian War between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ethiopian Empire, 1895-1896
• Dervish resistance against the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Italy, the Ethiopian Empire, and other Somalis, 1899-1920
• Second Italo-Ethiopian War between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ethiopian Empire, 1935-1936

World War I

• East African Campaign between the German Empire and the United Kingdom, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Portuguese Empire, and the Kingdom of Belgium, 1914-1918

World War II

• East African Campaign between the Kingdom of Italy and the United Kingdom, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Kingdom of Belgium, and the Ethiopian Empire, 1940-1941

Recent conflicts

• Eritrean War of Independence 1961 - 1991, between Eritrean liberation fronts (primarily the EPLF and early on also the ELF) and the Ethiopian Empire (1961-1974) and Marxist Derg-ruled Ethiopia (1974-1991)
• Shifta War 1963-1967, separatist insurgency by ethnic Somalis in Kenya
• Ethiopian Civil War 1974-1991, between the Derg (ruling government of Ethiopia) and various rebel groups, as well as amongst the rebel groups, including the Marxist Ethiopian EPRP, MEISON, and TPLF, the......
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