He served as royal physician to Mozzafar-al-Din Shah. He then became a Member of Parliament, and served as Minister 17 times, three times as Prime Minister, and as Speaker of the Senate of Iran.
His tenure as Prime Minister was short-lived as the Soviets, angry over his refusal to grant them an oil concession in Northern Iran, inspired AzerbaijaniCommunists to declare independence from Iran. Soviet troops occupying the Northern regions refused to allow Iranian troops to enter the region to put down the uprising. Hakimi submitted the issue to the UN Security Council and resigned from office as a protest of Soviet actions.