The
Franck Report of June 1945 was a document signed by several prominent
nuclear physicists recommending that the United States not use the
atomic bomb as a weapon to prompt the
surrender of Japan in
World War II.
The report was named for
James Franck, the head of the committee that produced it. The committee was appointed by
Arthur Compton and met in secret, in all-night sessions in a highly secure environment. Largely written by
Eugene Rabinowitch, the report spoke about the impossibility to keep the
United States atomic discoveries secret indefinitely. It predicted a
nuclear arms race, forcing the United States to develop nuclear armaments at such a pace that no other nation would think of attacking first from fear of overwhelming retaliation. This did, in fact occur. The report recommended that the
nuclear bomb not be used, and proposed that either a demonstration of the "new weapon" be made before the eyes of representatives of all of the
United Nations, on a
barren island or
desert, or to try to keep the existence of the nuclear bomb secret for as long as possible.
In the first case, the international community would be warned of the dangers and encouraged to develop an effective international control on such weapons. In the later case, the United States would gain several years time to further develop their nuclear armament, before other countries...
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