James Brown, OBE (16 December 1862 – 21 March 1939) was a Scottish Labour politician.
Educated at Annbank Public School, he was Secretary of the Ayrshire Miners and of the Scottish Miners' National Union. He unsuccessfully contested North Ayrshire in January 1910 and was the Member of Parliament (MP) for South Ayrshire from 1918-1931 and from 1935 until his death.
He was awarded the OBE in 1917, appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1930. He was Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1924, 1930 and 1931.