Jehovah () is an anglicized representation of
Hebrew , a vocalization of the
Tetragrammaton (YHWH), the proper name of the
God of Israel in the
Hebrew Bible.
appears 6,518 times in the traditional
Masoretic Text, in addition to 305 instances of (
Jehovih). The earliest available
Latin text to use a vocalization similar to
Jehovah dates from the 13th century.
Pugio fidei by
Raymund Martin, written in about 1270
Most scholars believe "Jehovah" to be a late (ca. 1100 CE) hybrid form derived by combining the Latin letters
JHVH with the vowels of
Adonai, but there is some evidence that it may already have been in use in
Late Antiquity (5th century). It was not the historical vocalization of the Tetragrammaton at the time of the redaction of the Pentateuch (6th century BCE), at which time the most likely vocalization was
Yahweh. The historical vocalization was lost because in
Second Temple Judaism, during the 3rd to 2nd centuries BCE, the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton came to be avoided, being substituted with
Adonai "my Lords".
Pronunciation
Most scholars believe "Jehovah" to be a late (ca. 1100 CE) hybrid form derived by combining the Latin letters
JHVH with the vowels of
Adonai, but there appears to be evidence that
Jehovah form of the Tetragrammaton may have been in use in
Semitic and
Greek phonetic texts and artifacts from......
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