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Maximilian III Joseph, Elector Of Bavaria
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Description:
Maximilian III Joseph
(28 March 1727 – 30 December 1777) was
Prince-elector
of the
Holy Roman Empire
and Duke of
Bavaria
from 1745 to 1777.
Biography
Born in
Munich
, Maximilian was the eldest son of
Emperor Charles VII
and his wife
Marie Amalie, Archduchess of Austria
. His maternal grandparents were Emperor
Joseph I
and
Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg
.Upon his father's death in January 1745, he inherited a country in the process of being invaded by
Austrian
armies (see
War of the Austrian Succession
). The 18-year-old Maximilian Joseph wavered between the
Peace-party
, led by his mother Maria Amalia of Austria and Army Commander
Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff
and the
War-party
, led by Foreign Minister General Ignaz Count of Törring and the French envoy Chavigny. After the decisive defeat in the
Battle of Pfaffenhofen
on April 15 Maximilian Joseph quickly abandoned his father's imperial pretenses and made peace with
Maria Theresa
in the
Treaty of Füssen
, in which he agreed to support her husband,
Grand Duke Francis Stephen of Tuscany
, in the upcoming imperial election. During the
Seven Years' War
Bavarian forces then fought on Habsburg's side.Maximilian Joseph's sister
Maria Josepha of Bavaria
was married in 1765 with Maria Theresa's son Emperor
Joseph II
.
Maximilian Joseph was a progressive and
enlightened ruler
who did much to improve the development of his country. The elector encouraged agriculture, industries and the exploitation of the
mineral
wealth of...
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