The Jurist (), also known as
The Lawyer, is an
oil-on-canvas painting by Italian artist
Giuseppe Arcimboldo, painted in 1566. It shows a member of the legal profession, whose facial features are depicted using meat and fish, and whose body is composed of legal documents. Two versions of the painting exist; the first, from 1566, is held by the
National Museum of Fine Arts (Nationalmuseum) in
Stockholm (acquired from a collection at
Gripsholm Castle in 1866), and a later version is held by a private collector in
Milan.
Arcimboldo was employed as court painter to
Maximilian II and was already well established as an artist by the time he created
The Jurist. He was known for his innovative style, particularly for his
portraits in which the subjects were composed of everyday objects. His fantastical and imaginative paintings somewhat foreshadowed the
Surrealist movement of the 20th century, but were also appreciated as part of the
Mannerist tradition of his own time. His series of paintings,
The Four Seasons, which depicted the changing seasons as series of portraits composed of seasonal plants, were particularly popular, and he even created a portrait of
Rudolf II (entitled
Vertemnus) in the same style.
The artist's feelings about his subject in
The Jurist are clear from the composition; the features of the face are represented by the plucked carcasses of poultry and the sneering mouth by fish. It is not known if the subject is a caricature of the legal profession in general or...
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